中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
从主厨到自创品牌:台湾面包冠军林育玮北京再出发****** 中新社北京1月31日电 题:从主厨到自创品牌:台湾面包冠军林育玮北京再出发 中新社记者 李晗雪 2013年,当多数大陆消费者还闻所未闻“软欧包”、也尚不习惯以更高价格购买“不过是早点”的面包,以原麦山丘为代表的烘焙品牌横空出世,一度掀起“跨城代购”的热潮。当时的行政主厨、台湾地区面包大赛冠军林育玮,曾是原麦山丘品质保证的金字招牌。他从2012年便自台湾搬到北京加入原麦山丘,参与其初创到成熟的过程;但在2019年,林育玮选择了离开带来过无限风光的原麦山丘,自创烘焙品牌,重新出发。 资料图为林育玮制作面包。 中新社发 㞭客烘焙 供图林育玮近日接受中新社记者专访,聊起从初来北京到自创烘焙品牌的十年经历。 在原麦山丘工作的几年,林育玮从零开始熟悉大陆市场,了解到消费者希望吃到无香精色素的“原始”面包,他也是因此开发出“返璞归真”的软欧包产品。那时很多消费者关注到原麦山丘,正是因为这类“质朴面包”的稀缺性。 随着这种新烘焙标准的树立,几年间,大陆烘焙市场有了明显变化和成长,以店内新鲜烘焙与优质健康食材为卖点的手工面包店越来越多,“懂面包”的消费群体越来越大。林育玮认为,这是市场优化的标志。 资料图为㞭客烘焙店内陈列的烘焙产品。 中新社发 㞭客烘焙 供图林育玮表示,随着原麦山丘成长为成熟品牌,相应地不易再作太多新的尝试与改变;但作为面包师,他希望不断研究开发各类面包甜点,也希望消费者对他有新的了解。因此,2019年与原麦山丘合约期满时,他决定突破自己,重新创业。 2020年,林育玮与合伙人筹备自创烘焙品牌。这一次,他的身份从主厨变为创始人,这意味着除了产品研发,还要承担成本控制、人员培养等管理工作,压力更大。但过去八年积累的人脉与顾客群,给了他自立门户的底气。2021年8月,林育玮与合伙人在北京751艺术区开启了第一家“㞭客烘焙”。 资料图为㞭客烘焙的店铺。 中新社发 㞭客烘焙 供图㞭客的“㞭”字,巧妙化用了店铺所在的大山子社区名称,同时也是诚意“待客”的谐音。新店主打高品质吐司,同时售卖从欧包、曲奇到甜点几乎全品类的烘焙产品。对林育玮来说,这是一个更能实现想法的空间。他将面包作为一种生活方式分享给顾客,比如鼓励大家探索白吐司的100种吃法。他几乎每天都去店里,与顾客聊聊天,大部分时间则泡在厨房。 2021至2022年的疫情起伏,对新开业的店铺有更大的挑战。林育玮坦言疫情期间损失很重,但并未改变他在北京创业的信心,因为“消费者记得我们”。许多老顾客从他在原麦山丘工作时就一直喜爱他的产品,“㞭客”开张后也继续光顾;有住得远的顾客团购下单,还有顾客疫情中买一大单面包囤在家里。忠实顾客的支持和正向反馈,让他相信难关会过去。 在北京经营烘焙的压力,慢慢转为动力与活力。林育玮说,北京的生活步调是有点快,但对服务业来讲是好事,因为业者需要不断随之更新迭代、寻找新的商业资源。另一方面,他在北京结交到许多烘焙师朋友,大家定期聚会、探店,并且彼此间并不觉有竞争关系,反而是互相分享技术、讨论产品改进,“因为北京够大,大家各有各的特色与顾客群”。 资料图为林育玮制作面包。 中新社发 㞭客烘焙 供图“在北京生活很充实,现在回台湾像是休假。”今年春节,林育玮回台湾过年,也是在历经疫情中的创业初期后,有机会沉淀下来、思考未来发展。他对疫情后的大陆市场很乐观,今年打算去更多城市考察学习,同时还准备拓展新店,呈现更丰富的产品。他说,㞭客不会满足于做一间服务地方的精致小店,“未来,我们会朝着连锁专卖店去突破。”(完)
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